There is evidence that cotton and wool were used to create natural fabrics in about 3000 BC and evidence of silk use in 2500 BC in China
China is still the largest maker and exporter of silk in the world and has been for 100's of years.
The creation of man-made fibers has only been within the last 100 years. Rayon, was the first man-made fiber created in 1910 and it was called 'artificial silk'. Viscose is the most common form of Rayon.